1.氣體成分

　　1. Gas composition

　　沼氣—沼氣是一種混合氣體，主要成分是甲烷(CH4)和二氧化碳(C02)。甲烷占45％～70％，二氧化碳占30％一40％，還有少量氫、一氧化碳、硫化氫、氧和氮等氣體。由于含有可燃氣體甲烷，故沼氣可做燃料。沼氣是細菌在厭氧條件下分解有機物的一種產(chǎn)物。城市有機垃圾、污水處理廠的污泥、農(nóng)村的人畜糞便、作物秸稈等，皆可做產(chǎn)生沼氣的原料。

　　Biogas - Biogas is a mixed gas consisting mainly of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Methane accounts for 45% to 70%, carbon dioxide accounts for 30% to 40%, and there are also small amounts of gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, and nitrogen. Due to the presence of combustible gas methane, biogas can be used as fuel. Biogas is a product of bacteria decomposing organic matter under anaerobic conditions. Urban organic waste, sewage treatment plant sludge, rural human and animal manure, crop straw, etc. can all be used as raw materials for producing biogas.

　　2.機組對沼氣要求

　　2. Requirements for biogas by the unit

　　在距離燃氣機組燃氣進氣閥1m內(nèi)

　　Within 1m of the gas inlet valve of the gas turbine unit

　　1、沼氣溫度≤40℃；

　　1. Biogas temperature ≤ 40 ℃;

　　2、沼氣壓力3～80kpa，壓力變化率≤1kpa/min;

　　2. Biogas pressure is 3-80kpa, with a pressure change rate of ≤ 1kpa/min;

　　3、H2S≤200mg/Nm?;

　　3. H2S ≤ 200mg/Nm?;

　　4、NH3≤20mg/Nm?;

　　4. NH3 ≤ 20mg/Nm?;

　　5、沼氣中CH4含量≥50%,變化率≤2%/min；

　　5. CH4 content in biogas ≥ 50%, change rate ≤ 2%/min;

　　6、雜質(zhì)粒度≤5um,雜質(zhì)含量≤30mg/Nm?;

　　6. Impurity particle size ≤ 5um, impurity content ≤ 30mg/Nm?;

　　7、沼氣中水分含量≤40mg/Nm?；

　　7. Moisture content in biogas ≤ 40mg/Nm?;

　　注：對于CH4含量在35%～45%的沼氣需要發(fā)動機特殊配置，選擇相配套發(fā)動機。 如果可燃氣體中含硫及氨成分較高，不僅會嚴(yán)重腐蝕火花塞電極，而且會使機油中的酸值增加，腐蝕機組內(nèi)部零件，同時易于生成沉淀物，增加對發(fā)動機的磨損和腐蝕。

　　Note: For biogas with CH4 content between 35% and 45%, special engine configuration is required, and a matching engine should be selected. If the combustible gas contains high levels of sulfur and ammonia, it will not only severely corrode the spark plug electrode, but also increase the acid value in the engine oil, corrode the internal parts of the unit, and easily generate sediment, increasing the wear and corrosion of the engine.

　　3.雷沃動力沼氣發(fā)電機優(yōu)勢分析

　　3. Analysis of the advantages of Lovol Power Biogas Generator

　　1）雷沃1000系列沼氣發(fā)動機配備全數(shù)字電控系統(tǒng)。相對于傳統(tǒng)的點火+調(diào)速的控制系統(tǒng)，全數(shù)字電控系統(tǒng)新增燃料控制系統(tǒng)，使整體系統(tǒng)可靠性更好，控制精度高，功率更大，易于調(diào)試維修及批量生產(chǎn)。固化在ECU內(nèi)的控制軟件及機器特性數(shù)據(jù)，保證了批次產(chǎn)品的一致性。 不僅如此，全數(shù)字電控系統(tǒng)還能更好的適應(yīng)不同季節(jié)沼氣中的甲烷含量。配合沼氣專用的燃料調(diào)節(jié)部件可以使沼氣發(fā)電機組達到與天然氣相當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)電功率。

　　1) The Lovol 1000 series biogas engine is equipped with a fully digital electronic control system. Compared to traditional ignition and speed control systems, the fully digital electronic control system has added a fuel control system, which improves overall system reliability, high control accuracy, greater power, and is easy to debug, maintain, and mass produce. The control software and machine characteristic data solidified in the ECU ensure the consistency of batch products. Moreover, the fully digital electronic control system can better adapt to the methane content in biogas in different seasons. By using fuel regulating components specifically designed for biogas, the biogas generator set can achieve a power generation equivalent to that of natural gas.

　　2）點火系統(tǒng)由點火線圈、高壓線、火花塞組成，點火角度依據(jù)發(fā)動機的轉(zhuǎn)速、溫度、輸出功率進行調(diào)整，以保證發(fā)動機在各種負(fù)荷、不同季節(jié)下處于最佳狀態(tài)，并延長發(fā)動機的使用壽命和提高發(fā)電效率。

　　2) The ignition system consists of ignition coils, high-voltage wires, and spark plugs. The ignition angle is adjusted according to the engine's speed, temperature, and output power to ensure that the engine is in the best state under various loads and seasons, and to extend the engine's service life and improve power generation efficiency.

　　3）調(diào)速系統(tǒng)由電子節(jié)氣門執(zhí)行，他們均由ECM（發(fā)動機控制模塊）控制。ECM 通過4個傳感器測量發(fā)動機的進氣壓力、溫度，轉(zhuǎn)速，冷卻水溫度，計算發(fā)動機的進氣量，并結(jié)合內(nèi)部標(biāo)定的確定點火時刻以保證發(fā)動機的動力性和燃料經(jīng)濟性；通過電子節(jié)氣門調(diào)節(jié)進氣量，使發(fā)動機在目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)速上穩(wěn)定運行。

　　3) The speed control system is executed by electronic throttle valves, which are all controlled by the ECM (Engine Control Module). ECM measures the engine's intake pressure, temperature, speed, and cooling water temperature through four sensors, calculates the engine's intake volume, and determines the ignition timing based on internal calibration to ensure the engine's power and fuel economy; By adjusting the intake volume through the electronic throttle, the engine can run stably at the target speed.

　　4） 燃料系統(tǒng)選用意大利madas調(diào)壓器及美國impco混合器。系統(tǒng)會依據(jù)發(fā)動機進氣流量自行調(diào)節(jié)燃料供應(yīng)量。使空燃比在發(fā)動機從啟動到最大負(fù)荷期間保持在合適的范圍。

　　4) The fuel system uses Italian Madas regulators and American Impco mixers. The system will adjust the fuel supply based on the engine intake flow rate. Maintain the air-fuel ratio within an appropriate range from engine start-up to maximum load.

　　5）系統(tǒng)選用德國BOSCH進口傳感器，德國大陸電子節(jié)氣門，為特定發(fā)動機定制的專用線束和高壓線。保證發(fā)動機可靠點火。ECM采用引進技術(shù)生產(chǎn)，選用進口元器件，可以長期運行在90攝氏度。并可以承受110攝氏度的極限溫度，可保證發(fā)動機可靠運行。

　　5) The system uses imported sensors from Germany's BOSCH, electronic throttle valves from mainland Germany, and specialized wiring harnesses and high-voltage lines customized for specific engines. Ensure reliable ignition of the engine. ECM is produced using imported technology and uses imported components, which can operate for a long time at 90 degrees Celsius. And it can withstand a maximum temperature of 110 degrees Celsius, ensuring reliable operation of the engine.

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